Spain’s rich history and artistic ingenuity have endowed the world with countless glorious wonders. As a consequence, España Fascinante wishes to know from our insightful readers which sites they believe tower above the rest.

Travel enthusiasts’ perspectives

Our followers share a passion for traveling and discovering Spain. And most have firsthand knowledge of many of the wonders within Spain that captivate people the world over. As a result, readers’ viewpoints are invaluable when assessing these extraordinary World Heritage Sites.

Beyond a simple classification, this ranking provides an insight into the allure of each place and why Spain’s most fascinating World Heritage Sites deserve such acclaim.

Tallying the votes 

Some World Heritage Sites recognise monuments, while others commemorate entire cities. Case in point for the two cities opening the ranking. The fifth place belongs to Córdoba, a place synonymous with history and splendour.

The fourth is Toledo, whose historic old quarter, as one reader comments, is home to an abundance of artistic heritage that includes the city's cathedral, the Royal Alcázar, the Monastery of Saint John of the Monarchs, the artwork of El Greco and so much more.

Although Segovia itself is another officially declared World Heritage Site, it is the city’s most eminent monument that takes third place in the ranking. A true wonder of the world, the Aqueduct of Segovia still majestically stands two millennia after its construction, overlooking a city that never fails to dazzle.

The second-place winner, the Mosque-Cathedral of Córdoba, is a natural choice for most people. Córdoba manages to appear twice in the ranking, this time for the city’s extraordinary temple embodying Spain’s Moorish cultural legacy.

The Alhambra, Spain’s most remarkable World Heritage Site

It is hardly surprising that Spain’s most voted World Heritage Site is none other than Granada’s famous palatial complex. Spain’s Moorish culture continues to fascinate the rest of the world and the Alhambra may very well represent its culmination.

Readers note the unique architectural style, exquisitely coffered ceilings, myriad-shaped capitals and perfect geometric designs, as well as the incomparable charm of its water-themed gardens. The Alhambra captures the magic of Spain and is the number one choice according to voters.

You can also read this article in Spanish and French.

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Wonders of Seville: its most charming villages

Carmona and its 'Giraldilla'

Let’s begin with one of the oldest cities in Europe: Carmona. This city can’t be missed on this list, and it’s only half an hour by car from the capital.

Here you will find gems such as the Alcázar del Rey Don Pedro, the Alcázar de la Puerta de Seville, or the San Bartolomé and San Pedro Churches. The latter is famous for its tower, the Giraldilla, which receives this adorable nickname thanks to its similarity to Seville’s true Giralda.

Écija, ‘Andalucía’s pan’

Écija is a mandatory stop on every journey through Seville due to its great Baroque heritage. You should wander around Plaza de España, also known as Plaza del Salón, and visit its many churches and palaces, such as Palacio de Peñaflor and Palacio de Santaella. But be warned: you should be prepared to endure hot temperatures if you visit Écija in the summer. After all, there is a reason why it's called 'Andalucía's pan'.

Osuna and its streets

Osuna’s streets have always drawn people’s attention, in particular its San Pedro Street, considered one of the most beautiful streets in Europe for hosting the gorgeous façades of palace houses. However, Osuna has attracted tourists from all over the world in the last few years since Game of Thrones was shot at its bullfighting ring.

Utrera, cradle of flamenco

Utrera is known for being one of the places that saw the birth of flamenco and for having a few famous livestock farms. It used to be a Roman settlement, so it is one of the oldest cities in Seville.

However, its golden age took place during Philip II’s reign. A visit to Utrera should include three stops: Castillo de Utrera, Palacio del Conde de Vistahermosa, and Callejón del Niño Perdido, in the town centre.

Seville and its culture: monuments for travelling back in time

Cathedral of Seville and The Giralda

The Cathedral of Seville is the star of cultural tourism. A Catholic temple of Gothic style whose construction began in the early 15th century, and it was declared a World Heritage Site by UNESCO along with the Real Alcázar (or Royal Alcazar) and the Archivo de las Indias.

Actually, it is the largest Gothic cathedral in the world. The cathedral was built based on the minaret of Marrakech’s Koutoubia Mosque. It stands out for its Giralda, its tower, and its bell tower.

Plaza de España in Seville

Not only is it one of the most famous squares in Seville, but in the country. Plaza de España lies in the heart of the city of Seville. This architectural complex was built between the years 1914 and 1929 for the Ibero-American Exposition of 1929. You can find it in María Luisa Park. Many movies and shows have been shot here. It is one of the gems you will find in Andalucía’s capital, a place that delights dozens of people every day.

Ruins of the Itálica Archaeological Complex

Near the Sevillian municipality of Santiponce, you will find an impressive archaeological site of the province. These are the ruins of what once was the Roman city of Itálica, a city whose history dates back to the era of the Second Punic War in the 3rd century BC.

The Roman amphitheatre is the most interesting element—it could fit more than 25,000 people and many scenes of the successful TV series Game of Thrones have been shot here.

Carmona Roman Necropolis 

We have already mentioned Carmona, but it has to be brought back because it is home to Spain’s largest necropolis. Carmona Roman Necropolis is considered the largest and best preserved Roman funerary complex in the country, where more than 700 tombs that date back to the 1st and 2nd centuries AD have been discovered.

Seville's rich nature

Cerro del Hierro

Seville’s Sierra Norte houses one of the most breathtaking natural spaces in the province. Cerro del Hierro, known for its characteristic karst landscape, together with iron mining works, have created a heart-stopping landscape of rock formations of multiple colours.

The fauna of Dehesa de Abajo

Puebla del Río has one of the most privileged corners in the province: the Reserva Natural Concertada Dehesa de Abajo. Here, you will find plenty of paths perfect for walking, riding horses, or cycling.

Two viewpoints await near its large lagoon, where you can watch plenty of bird species, such as flamingoes, red-crested pochards, wild ducks, terns, and spoonbills, among many others. Traces of animals that are harder to spot, like badgers and foxes, can be found on the routes.

Huéznar Cascades and the San Nicolás del Puerto Beach

Seville isn’t by the sea, we know. But that doesn’t mean that it can’t have a beach. This fluvial beach allows visitors to escape from the popular Sevillian heat of the summer. It lies in San Nicolás del Puerto, where you will also find the Huéznar Cascades of crystalline waters. You can't have a bath here, but just admiring this waterfall is a true delight.

Seville's gastronomy, a must to enjoy the province

The province of Seville has a diverse gastronomy, deeply linked to the territory, which has a distinctive Andalusian character. Its cuisine combines its Arabic heritage with rural tradition, resulting in emblematic dishes such as gazpacho, Sevillian salmorejo, pescaíto frito, or pringá, used in many stews and tapas. Vegetables cultivated in the bank of the Guadalquivir river and olive oil are the foundation of a simple but delicious gastronomy. Regarding olive oil, the Denomination of Origin Estepa stands out.

Iberian cured meats and game meats stand out in the Sierra Norte; in the countryside, substantial stews such as Andalusian cocido are preferred, and coastal villages are popular for traditional recipes such as albur en adobo. Conventual sweets, such as yemas, cortadillos, and tortas de aceite, complete a gastronomical offer that mixes tradition and modernity, with bars and restaurants that reinterpret Sevillian flavours while preserving their essence. On the other hand, wine connoisseurs should taste the Denomination of Origin Lebrija.

More recommendations to enjoy the province of Seville

Where to sleep in the province of Seville

• Where to sleep in Macarena and Seville centre
• Where to sleep in Santa Cruz and El Arenal of Seville
• Where to sleep in Morón de la Frontera
• Where to sleep in Osuna
• Where to sleep in Arahal
• Where to sleep in Écija

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Spanish cities under starry skies reveal a charm hardly noticed during the daytime. The serene elegance of uncrowded squares, the scent of jasmine floating through Andalusian patios, and the reverberation of crashing waves along maritime promenades are characteristic sights and sounds of Spain at night.

The voice of those who know Spain’s nightlife

Followers of Fascinating Spain are certainly passionate about travel and culture. They have toured Spain from north to south and are familiar not only with the country’s greatest boulevards, but also with its lesser-known hidden corners.

Consequently, we entrusted our community of followers with the especially challenging task of choosing Spain’s most beautiful city after sunset. A decision that celebrates the nocturnal magic of cities full of history, light and life.

The candidates for Spain’s most dazzling city at night

The top five ranking starts full of vim and vigour in the city of Toledo. The Mirador del Valle offers some fantastic nighttime views of a city as beautiful from the outside as it is on the inside.

Fourth place goes to Madrid, a radiant metropolis in every sense. Many voters recommend a walk along the gleaming Gran Vía to understand why Madrid’s nightlife is like few other cities in the world.

Seville ranks as the third most-voted city for its Andalusian allure, the hypnotic presence of the Guadalquivir River and the mysterious Giralda, the bell tower of Seville Cathedral.

The silver medal is awarded to Salamanca, a place that often tops the lists of most beautiful cities. The monumental elegance of its old historic quarter, the golden lustre of its most emblematic edifices and the charming bustle of its Plaza Mayor redouble the city’s grandeur at night.

And Spain’s most beautiful city at night is…

According to our followers, the winner is Granada, a city synonymous with exotic enchantment and a place that takes on new dimensions come nightfall. Indeed, Granada embodies a uniqueness that runs throughout the city. And of course, Granada’s splendour is greatly enhanced by the Alhambra, its prized palatial complex perched like an amber lighthouse on the darkened hillsides.

In addition to this unparalleled Nasrid monument, Granada has the enchanting Albaicín and Sacromonte neighbourhoods, the elegant street of Paseo de los Tristes, and the extraordinary Spanish Renaissance-styled cathedral in the city centre. Additionally, Granada enjoys one of Spain’s most vibrant nightlife scenes, placing it at the top of the list for Spain’s most dazzling city at night.

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Similar to previous surveys that looked at Spain’s best coastal village or Spain’s best mountain village, the spotlight this time is on a truly unique category: Spain’s celebrated white villages. Those immaculately whitewashed villages of Andalusia are silhouetted against lush landscapes and blue skies whose picturesque appeal inexorably captivates the eye.

The experts’ verdict

Responses from the Fascinating Spain community ranged from villages carved into mountainsides to those dominated by castles or coastal fishing hamlets.

These white villages are so characteristic of Andalusia that Spanish writer and politician Blas Infante once alluded to them when explaining the significance of the central white stripe on the Andalusian flag.

The runners-up

Although Andalusia is full of whitewashed villages with the power to astound, the province of Cádiz stands out from the rest. Four of the five white villages most cited by travellers are found in this province.

In fifth place for Spain’s best white village is Olvera, a cluster of alabaster-coloured homes crowned by a castle perched atop a rocky cliff. The silhouette of its church outlined by the sky makes an indelible image.

The fourth-place winner is located in the neighbouring province of Málaga, the unmistakable Frigiliana. One of Málaga’s white villages par excellence, the charm of Frigiliana’s cobblestone streets never fails to dazzle the visitor.

Returning to Cádiz, the bronze medal recipient goes to Zahara de la Sierra, a town nestled around a mountain and crowned by an ancient Nasrid fortification, set among extraordinary natural beauty where the Zahara-El Gastor Reservoir takes centre stage.

Second-place winner is Vejer de la Frontera, overlooking the river Barbate. Located a few kilometres from the Atlantic coast, this white village offers an exceptional vantage point from where breathtaking horizons of contrasting mountains and sea can be viewed.

And Spain’s best white village is…

One need not leave the province of Cádiz in order to discover Spain’s best white village. Setenil de las Bodegas, tucked within a steep canyon formed by the gently flowing Guadalporcún River, earns the highest marks from the Fascinating Spain community.

Setenil de las Bodegas’ awe-inspiring maze of chalky-white narrow streets shrouded by rocky formations bestow an otherworldly impression. The town’s impregnable castle and its historic old quarter, a designated national heritage site, meld spectacularly with the natural environment. Sentenil de las Bodegas is undoubtedly one of Spain’s most unique places and for Fascinating Spain´s expert travellers, Spain’s most beautiful white village.

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Past and present in Spain’s largest old quarter

From its origins to the reign of al-Andalus

The Phoenicians' arrival to the site of present-day Seville dates to around 1000 BCE. Melkart, sailor and mythical source of Hercules, crossed the precarious Strait of Gibraltar and settled along the coast, reaching the Guadalquivir River to the Tartessos settlement of Ispal. During the Punic Wars, the settlement was eventually conquered by the Romans. Julius Caesar later renamed the site Romula Hispalis and the city went on to become one of the Roman Empire’s most important cities on the Iberian Peninsula.

The Muslims conquered the city in 712 and changed its name to Isbiliyya, from which the present name of Seville derives. The Jewish community complemented the melting pot of cultures that gave rise to the Santa Cruz district in the heart of the old quarter.

From the Almohads to the Christian conquest

Isbiliyya reached its maximum splendour under the Almohad dynasty, leaving its indelible architectonic mark on such cultural masterpieces as the Torre del Oro and the Royal Alcázar, a palatial complex combining Almohad, Gothic and Renaissance styles with ceramics found throughout the Triana district.

The Christian conquest of Seville arrived in the form of King Fernando III, who turned the city into a regional seat of the Kingdom of Castile. Subsequently, the Santa María Cathedral, a jewel of Spanish Gothic architecture, was built over the Almohad grand mosque.

From the original mosque remains the minaret, today called the Giralda and a symbol of Seville. Once called the Red Tower, the construction melds Roman stone blocks with an Almohad red-brick façade. Later, a Renaissance-styled bell tower and weathervane were added as symbolic triumph of the Christian faith over Islam, and whose name, Giralda, derives from the spinning (giro in Spanish) of the weathervane.

From the 15th century to the Ibero-American Exposition

The present-day Archivo de Indias was originally commissioned by King Felipe II as a merchants’ guildhall. Two centuries later, all documents and maps regarding overseas territories would be stored there. At that time, King Carlos III ordered the construction of the first Plateresque-styled building in Spain, becoming Seville City Hall, which served as a wedge between civil and religious powers in the city. The historic quarter is also home to such Baroque architectural masterpieces as the San Telmo Palace and one of the country’s most beautiful churches, San Luis de los Franceses.

The Royal Tobacco Factory, the first such construction in Europe and once the economic powerhouse of Spain, is also noteworthy. At one point, more than 6,000 women working there, known as cigarreras (cigar makers), fought for better labour conditions. The events that occurred at the factory were captured by painter Gonzalo Bilbao Martínez, whose works are now on display at the Museum of Fine Arts of Seville. Today, the building is the seat of the University of Seville and remains a symbol of working-class struggle.

At the end of the nineteenth century, Infanta María Luisa of Spain donated the grounds of the San Telmo Palace to the city, which became present-day María Luisa Park, and later would host the main pavilions of the 1929 Ibero-American Exposition. The works were carried out by architect Aníbal González, creator of the Andalusian Regionalism style of melding red brick, white Roman marble, ceramics and metal forging. Relishing the incalculable artistic excellence of the architecture found in both Plaza de España and Plaza de América is an ideal culmination of a tour through Spain’s largest old town.

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In the presence of so much beauty, choosing Spain’s most outstanding coast is no easy task. Might it be the Mediterranean Sea or the Atlantic Ocean? Tucked away coves or unending sand dunes? The options are as diverse as they are dazzling. Although many beautiful places may not be included among the top five list, the finalists undoubtedly deserve plenty of acclaim.

Sun, sand and sea: Spain’s coastlines that win over so many hearts

The votes tallied in Fascinating Spain’s poll not only reflect popular enthusiasm, but also the experience and insights of travellers with keen knowledge of Spain. Their lived experiences lend clout to the final result.

Beyond a mere ranking, this survey reflects the judgement of those who are well-versed in the beaches, coves and landscapes that characterise the Spanish coast.

The people’s favourites

The travellers’ ranking of Spain’s most highly-prized coastline starts in fifth place along the Cantabrian Coast, an epitome of luxuriant greenery celebrated for its dramatic and alluring contours, while the Costa Blanca, a genuine jewel along the shores of province of Alicante, merits fourth place.

Third place winner’s name says it all, the classic Costa del Sol. The string of beaches from the south of Málaga extending to Campo de Gibraltar evokes summertime radiance and fun.

And the silver medal? Travellers award second place to the extraordinary Costa Brava, thanks in large part to its unequalled melding of history with truly idyllic scenery. The combination of endless beaches, charming coves and picturesque villages is this region’s signature calling card.

Spain’s most beautiful coast

The number one pick for Spain’s most beautiful coast is the superb Costa de la Luz ("Coast of the Light" in English), along the warm Andalusian watershed on the Atlantic Ocean between Huelva and Cádiz. This region garners the people’s favour for its endless expanse of golden sands and the plentiful offer on hand of the surrounding region.

In addition to its ample size and excellent climate, Costa de la Luz is noteworthy for its historical heritage, including the Roman ruins found at Baelo Claudia and the Rábida Monastery, so famously connected to Colombus’ expeditions.

Whether it be land or water sport or the simple contemplation of boundless sunsets, the extraordinary Costa de la Luz is ranked by Fascinating Spain’s seasoned travellers as one of Spain’s crowning glories.

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Spain has the good fortune of being endowed with a diverse number of monuments, including extraordinary cathedrals, engineering feats, and majestic public edifices. The competition is stiff, but the true crème de la crème are those instantly recognisable monuments that leave visitors’ mouths agape with indescribable wonder.

The opinion of those who know best

One defining trait of Fascinating Spain’s travel community is their passion for touring and discovering the best of what Spain has to offer, which allows them to evaluate and compare Spain’s impressive monumental heritage like no other.

It is insightful to capture in their own words how people feel about some of the fantastic monuments found throughout Spain. A quick look at the replies received from this Facebook post is enough to realise that opinions abound.

The people’s top picks

To find out Spain’s most breathtaking monument, we used social networks to ask the travel pundits. As to be expected, the list of candidates includes the illustrious names of Spanish national heritage and here are the fnalists.

Fifth place goes to an extraordinary cathedral visited by tourists and pilgrims alike. This is none other than the Santiago de Compostela Cathedral, an extraordinary compendium of art and symbolism.

Fourth place belongs to a masterpiece of engineering, the Aqueduct of Segovia. The Romans were masters at stamping onto their civil constructions the grandeur of the empire, and 2000 years later, the aqueduct’s arches still evoke awe.

Third place goes to the Sagrada Familia in Barcelona. The unmistakable style of Gaudí’s basilica holds an unequalled fascination for many (despite or because of the unending works on the building).

And second place? None other than the Mosque-Cathedral of Córdoba, a timeless icon of Spain’s history, which continues to captivate for its sheer magnitude and bewitching maze of columns.

And Spain’s most breathtaking monument?

Fascinating Spain’s followers’ top choice was the Alhambra in Granada, turning the spotlight once more on Andalusia with a vivid and majestic snapshot of Spain’s past. This striking palatial citadel includes the exquisite gardens of the Generalife and alluring Nasrid palaces.

Not only is the Alhambra the most visited site in Spain, it is also the most breathtaking. The succession of exquisitely decorated salons, serene flowing waters, and the historical heritage contained within its walls make this marvel the top choice among travellers for Spain’s most impressive monument.

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An admirable historical heritage

Fascinating archaeology

There are many archaeological sites in Jaén, but they are all equally outstanding. The Museo de Jaén is the perfect choice if you want to dive into its heritage without leaving the capital. But if you’d rather explore these fantastic settings on your own, many corners, such as the fascinating Giribaile, await you. Hidden among many olive trees, it includes a prehistoric sanctuary, an impressive Iberian hamlet, an old monastery and an old Almohade castle.

The chamber tomb of Toya is remarkable too, a great princely tomb of monumental character. This Cyclopean construction takes us to the world of the Iberian aristocracy, their funeral rites and their beliefs about the afterlife. For instance, here have been found receptacles where they kept their goods and urns and recesses where they placed their offerings. Besides, many elements that bring us to antique eras, such as samples of pottery from ancient Greece, have survived the passing of time.

Jaén, land of castles

From wars between the Romans and the Carthaginians to the Battle of Bailén, mentioning of course the Reconquista and other epic events such as the Navas de Tolosa. Jaén has been the arena of infinite historical battles. It is no wonder that it is the Spanish province with the most castles. Some of them are the true protagonists of their area, such as the Castle of La Iruela, which watches over the village from the top of a cliff in the heart of the Sierra de Cazorla.

The Castle of Burgalimar will also take your breath away, and it’s the oldest castle in Spain still standing. It sits in the locality of Baños de la Encina and, besides its great state of conversation, it is popular for the impressive silhouette of its 14 towers. This symbol of the Caliphate era actually dates back to even older times, to the legendary culture of El Argar.

The Renaissance gems

After the severity of the old and medieval times, Jaén became one of the epicentres of Renaissance refinement. Actually, two of Jaén’s cities, Úbeda and Baeza, were declared World Heritage Sites thanks to their fabulous Renaissance buildings.

Úbeda was extremely prosperous in the 16th century and is home to many wonders, such as the Sacra Capilla del Salvador, one of the most beautiful churches in Spain. Other must-sees include the Santa María de los Reales Alcázares and the Oratorio de San Juan de la Cruz, great examples of the splendour of past times. In Baeza, you should take your time to appreciate its cathedral, built behind the beautiful Fuente de Santa María, but the other churches are also worth a visit if you’re ever in the city known for its importance during the Reconquista.

Villages of Jaén that charm every heart

Jaén is home to gorgeous villages that preserve a unique essence with Arabic traces and breathtaking landscapes. Sabiote is one of the most impressive villages, since its walls hide a very significant historical complex crowned by a sensational castle that can be visited.

Segura de la Sierra should be mentioned as well. Declared a Historic-Artistic Complex, this place takes the visitor back to the old Arabic world. You’ll even find Arab thermal baths! The house of the Spanish poet Jorge Manrique and one of the grandiose castles in the province are important tourist attractions in the area too.

In the area near the Sierra de Cazorla sit two villages that add the power of nature to their own unquestionable beauty. One of them shares its name with the mountain range around it, Cazorla, which evokes legends and enjoys exceptional architecture. The other one was mentioned previously: La Iruela. This small village is near Cazorla. Admiring its castle, walking through its white streets, and enjoying the unparalleled views of its surroundings are the best things to do in La Iruela.

Natural wonders of Jaén: wildlife to explore

Despeñaperros Natural Park

Despeñaperros is the common path to Andalucía, but it is also an invaluable natural park that covers more than 8,000 hectares of protected land, crossed by the famous gorge that watches over the river from an height of more than 500 metres. Plenty of holm oaks, cork oaks and pine trees are home to some of the best examples of the breathtaking Iberian fauna, such as the lynx and the wolf.

Many grottoes await you in this protected area, such as the Cueva de los Muñecos, of great geological value, and other places where Neolithic paintings are still preserved.

The Cimbarra Waterfall

In the north of the province, not far from Despeñaperros, lies one of the most attractive places and the Cimbarra Waterfall, declared a protected natural area. The Guarrizas River falls for 20 metres in total, crossing a fault that can’t be forgotten. The beauty of this corner of the Sierra Morena comes to life through the sound of the falling water and the presence of otters, river kingfishers and other species.

Sierras de Cazorla, Segura y las Villas

The Sierras de Cazorla, Segura y las Villas Natural Park is the largest protected area in Spain and the second largest in Europe. Due to its vastness, it is home to diverse populations, mountains and deep canyons in a landscape full of mythical echoes.

Of course, here are many waterfalls, such as the Cascada de las Calaveras, and other environments that seem straight out of a fairy tale, such as the Cave of Agua de Tíscar and the Anguijones Cave.

Sierra Mágina

Not far from the capital, the landscape changes dramatically and the highest peak in the province rises high: the Mágina, with a height of over 2,000 metres. The magnitude of this unevenness creates a wide variety of ecosystems that can be explored through many routes and paths.

There are more waterfalls in the Sierra Mágina Natural Park, such as the sometimes frozen Zurreón Waterfall. Its viewpoints and castles are important tourist attractions too. The nearby spring waters a beautiful area of cherry and fig trees. However, wildlife takes over the landscape near this setting, and many Iberian ibexes and birds of prey wander around it.

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On this map of delightfully complex and exceptional cities, enthusiasts of travel in Spain have indicated, like crosses marking lost treasures, those places that dazzle the senses. These are the places to where one yearns to return and discover anew the city’s contours and to feel firsthand their essence. Indeed, this is precisely the sentiment searched for on this survey of Spain’s most beautiful city.

The travellers speak: a difficult choice

Who better to choose the most beautiful city than those who know the country best? Readers of España Fascinante and followers on social media have demonstrated their deep understanding of Spain and their passion for Spanish culture.

They have visited Spain’s big cities and its most remote villages, discovering the country’s abundant and diverse array of natural settings and historical curiosities. As a consequence, these travel experts of Spain have chosen the country’s most aesthetically pleasing city in the comments section of this post:

The difficulty of such a decision is immediately apparent in readers’ responses. Nevertheless and upon thorough evaluation, a ranking has been carried out revealing the preferences of a broad travelling community.                 

The contenders for Spain’s most appealing city

Amazing cities such as San Sebastián, Córdoba and Málaga made the ranking list. One region curiously appeared twice on the top 5 list of cities, a fact to be revealed shortly.

Fifth place belongs to Toledo, the emblematic city of three cultures, followed by Barcelona and its Gaudí inspired colours. The bronze medal is awarded to the vibrant eternal capital city of Madrid, while second place goes to Granada and the Nasrid allure of the Alhambra. Although the survey omits many other incredible cities, the top choices do seem comprehensible.

And Spain’s most beautiful city is…

The gold medal of Spain’s most beautiful city shares the top spot with Granada in some way, given that both cities pertain to the indelible region of Andalusia. 

The winner is Seville, city of gorgeous gardens and orange trees, Andalusian charm and a unique personality. On its colour palette, the Guadalquivir River reflects like a mirror the rainbow tones of the homes in the Triana neighbourhood, the city’s impressive bridges and the amber sunsets glittering upon the Torre del Oro.

The sounds of Flamenco chords and celebrated verses from Andalusian poets fill its streets. The spirit of Seville transcends time, allowing the present to coexist with its glorious past. Seville’s Real Alcázar, the Giralda Bell Tower and Plaza de España serve as portals into the city’ rich history. Instantly recognisable scenes of Seville’s magic and its monuments make this place for many the most beautiful city in Spain.

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Located in a protected zone amid the Doñana National Park, the beach’s 28 kilometres of fine white sand and surrounding dunes, marshes and pine trees are a natural treasure of wild beauty. An unsullied beach with limited access, this form of sustainable tourism will delight anyone fascinated by mother nature in its purest state.

An extraordinary environment of biodiversity

With nearly 8000 kilometres of coastline, Spain is a country of sandy shores where seaside tourism constitutes the main reason why millions of visitors choose it every year as their holiday destination.

Indeed, the construction of tourism infrastructure, while adding comfort, has in many cases detracted from the exceptional coastal beauty and the purity of its beaches.

Fortunately, there still remain vast stretches of fine sand beaches and pristine waters, where human activity has not left its mark. Spain’s longest beach at Doñana, in Almonte (province of Huelva), is one such exceptional spot. 

Doñana’s inhabitants

Designated a Biosphere Reserve by Unesco in 1980, Doñana National Park has immeasurable ecological value. Its diverse and rich ecosystems are a refuge for a multitude of marine life, especially for both indigenous and migratory waterfowl. 

The most emblematic species flying around the Doñana Park are the Iberian imperial eagle and the pink flamingo, the two indisputable stars of any iconic image taken of these wetlands. A special mention goes to the Iberian lynx, as this nature park is crucial in the struggle to conserve this particular species.

Symbol of Andalusian faith and culture

Apart from being one of the principal natural treasures of Andalusia, Doñana is also home to one of the most well-known and picturesque religious pilgrimages in the country, the Romería del Rocío. Every year, horse and oxen-drawn carriages from all over the region and indeed the country flock to this place, crossing the Guadalquivir River by barge in order to reach Doñana Beach.

From there, the pilgrims traverse the nature park until reaching the village of El Rocío, where people express their devotion to the Virgin Mary. Doñana plays a leading role in this outpouring of faith and culture, which runs through the veins of so many Andalusians. Without Doñana, there would be no El Rocío.

Doñana’s villages and their secrets

If the wetlands, the fauna or the vast virgin beaches of Doñana are not incentive enough to visit this area, the nature park’s surrounding region includes plenty of charming villages and spectacular cuisine.

At Almonte, in the province of Huelva, travellers can embark on a fascinating Columbine route. It travels to Moguer, the hometown of the well-known writer Juan Ramón Jiménez and most of the crew members aboard Columbus’ expeditions, as well as to the place where those ships set sail for the Americas, at Palos de la Frontera.

No visit would be complete without setting foot in the province of Cádiz, especially at Sanlúcar de Barrameda, where the world’s finest prawns will add the final touch to an indelible experience.

You can also read this article in Spanish.

Seven must-see treasures of Marbella

A journey to Andalusia’s soul in Marbella’s historic old quarter

Far from the busy beaches and marinas, Marbella’s historic centre is a maze of narrow streets and whitewashed homes, a place that breathes history and tradition. Walking this labyrinth of cobblestoned passageways entails the aromas of jasmine and geraniums streaming from flowerpots.

Naranjos Square (or Plaza de los Naranjos) lies at the heart of the old quarter, a place known for its vibrant street life and historical buildings such as the Casa Consistorial and the Chapel of Santiago. Nevertheless, the neighbourhood has plenty of other timeless spots to feel the Andalusian aura, bustling with bars, boutiques, and taverns offering delicious food. In contrast to Marbella’s modern facet, the celebrated old quarter stands out as a reminder of the city’s historic roots.

The Moorish traces of Marbella’s citadel

In the bustling, chalky white streets of the old quarter, there rise the remains of the Castle of Marbella, a marvel deserving its own mention. A silent witness to the multitude of events that have shaped the city, the citadel is a vestige from an era when these walls protected the Moorish settlement and its inhabitants. From the wall’s heights, the sentinels stood guard, gazing at the horizon.

The castle’s origins date to the 10th century during the celebrated Al-Andalus era, and the castle’s walls watched over an enclosed city that flourished as an agricultural and commercial hub. A good part of the castle’s allure stems from its integration with the surrounding environment. The timeworn walls of the citadel fusing with the whitewashed homes and the castle’s crenellated profile make an extraordinary impression.

An endless paradise of Mediterranean beaches

Spanning more than 27 kilometres and lapped by gentle Mediterranean waves, Marbella’s beaches are clearly one of its greatest treasures. Ranging from coves tucked away in the wild to vast stretches of sandy beaches offering premium services, each of Marbella’s beaches possesses its unique charm. Here, almost year-round sunshine and crystal-clear waters are an open invitation to enjoy and explore the coast.

Marbella’s beach par excellence is Fontanilla Beach, with its golden sands and countless catering venues. Smaller and less frequented beaches are also accessible, like El Faro and Guadalmina, where views of ancient watchtowers can be had. Of course, there is no shortage of posh spots like Nikki Beach or places like Las Chapas Beach to practice aquatic sports.

The Artola Dunes, untouched Marbella

Directly behind the fabulous Cabopino Beach lies one of the Costa del Sol’s most intriguing settings. The Artola Dunes are a precious wilderness consisting of smooth crests of sand and a singular flora. A special trail has been designed so as to traverse the area without disturbing this delicate and fascinating ecosystem.

Although many people visit this place for the beach, this lush land is replete with activities like serene strolls accompanied by the sounds of lapping waves or cycling the area and enjoying the views. Sunsets at this point along the coast deserve special mention, for they are as spectacular as those along the coast of Cádiz. On clear days the African coast can even be glimpsed in the distance.

The Mediterranean glamour of Puerto Banús

Puerto Banús is undoubtedly a wonder of Marbella. Located a few kilometres from the city centre, a visit to this iconic marina means entering an upmarket world of glamour and breathtaking beauty along the seashore. The marina’s heart beats to the rhythm of the docks where impressive yachts are moored under the southern sun. Any stroll through here is a plush parade of exotic cars and chic boutiques all set against the blue Mediterranean Sea.

A visit to Puerto Banús is to experience a taste of high living along the seafront under the sunshine. Here one can stroll among yachts, taste the best cuisine, have a great night out, or simply soak up the atmosphere.

Marbella’s holy Our Lady of the Incarnation

Likely built upon the site of Marbella’s main mosque in the city centre, the church of Our Lady of the Incarnation is an architectural tribute to the devotion the Catholic Monarchs held for the dogma of the incarnation. Construction of this enormous basilica-shaped building was initiated in the 16th century, and works continued well into the following century.

Standing in stark counterpoint to the bustling opulence of its exterior, the temple’s interior is a place where the intricate crafting of the church’s three naves can be quietly observed. One of the more notable elements found here is the Órgano del Sol Mayor, a pipe organ ranked among the best constructed in Spain in the last century.

The natural treasure of the Sierra Blanca

The Sierra Blanca mountains gracefully rise and dominate Marbella’s horizon. More than a beautiful setting, the mountain range is a peaceful sanctuary and paradise for nature enthusiasts and home to Concha Peak, whose unmistakeable silhouette has come to symbolise the region. From these mountains, the views of the Costa del Sol unfolding like a shimmering carpet and the Strait of Gibraltar are simply spectacular.

The Sierra Blanca (‘Blanca’ meaning ‘white’) owes its name to the clear tones of the limestone rock, which stand in stark contrast to the surrounding blues and greens. Its forests of holm and cork oak provide shelter for eagles and hawks. Nor is it uncommon to come across mountain goats along the trekking trails. More than protecting Marbella from the northern winds, the Sierra Blanca endows Marbella with personality and exemplifies the city’s essence.

You can also read this article in Spanish here.

Torrox, one of the best climates in Europe

With an area of approximately 51 km² it is distributed in two very different areas, inland and coastal. The coastal area concentrates most of the leisure offer. On the other hand, the old town offers the image of a white town of Moorish origin. It shares this beginning with towns like Archidona, Antequera, Mijas or Teba.

The municipality claims to have "the best climate in Europe". It enjoys moderate temperatures during most of the year, about 18ºC on average. It has nine kilometres of beaches and a thousand-year-old cultural past. Torrox offers the visitor an endless number of activities. From guided visits to the different historical sites in the area or the practice of alternative sports, to a quiet and relaxing holiday on the beach.

Torrox is constantly updated and works to ensure that its visitors enjoy all kinds of comforts. Top quality accommodation and services are combined with the creation of new sports infrastructures. The gastronomy of the area deserves a special mention, with migas as its star dish, usually served with sardines or herring. The day of the migas is one of the typical festivities of Torrox.

It borders Nerja to the east, Velez-Malaga to the west, Competa to the north and the Mediterranean Sea to the south. It is possible to visit other important places in the area such as the Picasso Museum in Malaga, the Alhambra in Granada, Sierra Nevada or the Cave of Nerja.

Some of Torrox's history

The name of Torrox comes from the Arabic "turrux" or "turrush" which means tower, although its origins go back to Roman times. Both the Phoenicians and later the Romans settled along the coast of Málaga. Torrox stands on the ancient Roman city-factory, Caviclum, dedicated to the fish canning industry and the fish sauce called garum from the first century. Another example of this type of industry can be found in the lost town of Torre de Benaudalla in Rincón de la Victoria.

In the 9th century, the Mozarabs of Torrox led an uprising against the Caliphate of Cordoba. After their defeat they were expelled from the area for good. Almanzor, the last great Andalusian chieftain to name a great Spanish peak, was born in 942 in this town.

In the 14th and 15th centuries, during the Nazarite era, Torrox extended its silk industry throughout the region, promoting the planting of mulberry trees. Silk was exported to the markets of Málaga and Granada. The Nasrids also introduced the production of nuts and sugar cane.

The Catholic Monarchs reconquered Torrox in 1487 after the capture of Vélez-Málaga and gave it the title of "Very Noble and Very Loyal Town". In 1503 a watchtower was built to protect the coast from pirate attacks like so many other towns on the Andalusian coast, such as Sancti Petri or Torre del Mar. It suffered, like so many others, the rebellion of the Moors and their subsequent repopulation. At the end of 1884 two earthquakes with their epicentre in Ventas de Zafarraya caused a lot of damage. Alfonso XII visited the place at that time and stayed in the current house of La Hoya.

The interesting bridge of Las Ánimas

Legend has it that if someone passes the Roman bridge that crosses the river near the sugar factory, they may have an unexpected encounter. On All Saints' Eve, souls can appear in procession with torches on their way to the convent.

Church of Nuestra Señora de la Encarnación

The church of Nuestra Señora de la Encarnación was built over the main aljama or mosque at the beginning of the 16th century. With a baroque structure and a Latin cross floor plan, it is divided into three naves separated by pillars and semicircular arches. The central nave has a half-barrel vault with a wooden frame. On the outside you can see a square tower, divided into three sections, with semicircular arches, crowned by a pyramidal capital. The church was reformed and extended in the mid-17th century.

Casa de la Hoya

Also known as Casa de la Joya it is a stately home of the Medina-Sevilla family located right in the center of the village. This family was part of the bourgeoisie of the time and was dedicated to the export of wine, raisins and nuts.  The house was an authentic mansion with more than forty rooms and an interior patio with Doric columns.

The house's garden, designed by the same person who designed the gardens in Malaga Park, deserves a special mention. It occupied what today is the children's playground, the clinic, the Almanzor square and the adjacent houses. This house was home to Alfonso XII when he visited the area after the earthquakes that devastated it.

Casa de la Inquisición

It is a three floor building that includes an inner courtyard. Its paintings on the main façade are worth mentioning. In the interior you can see the wooden ceiling of Mudejar origin. From the basement you can enjoy an infinite number of superimposed arches that form galleries and vaults.

The popular tradition tells that it is there where the Court was where the Inquisition carried out its tortures. Throughout history it has suffered a series of vicissitudes. During the Napoleonic invasion it was used as a stronghold and destroyed after being abandoned.

Urban Garden

Torrox is an example of the urban model of the Mudejar style towns, with narrow and steep streets, with impossible corners. Lime and flowerpots are the main elements of this type of village on the Malaga coast. Corners decorated with plants that turn the place into an urban garden. Thus, in spring it takes on a spectacular appearance. A luxury addition to the whiteness of their houses, shared with places like Ardales, Casarabonela, Comares, Ronda or Salares. Good examples are the Plazoleta, Plaza de Oriente, Plaza de Barajas, Plaza de la Concordia, Calle Valencia, Calle Calvario, Calle Pósito, Calle Prados, Calle Nerja and Plaza San Roque.

Beaches

Torrox has nine kilometres of fine sandy beaches and crystalline waters. The beach of El Morche is very remarkable. It has a long seafaring tradition. Thus, the procession of Nuestra Señora del Carmen and its fair is held in August.

Meanwhile, the beach of Ferrara also has the distinction of Blue Flag, SICTED and Q for Quality, where many events and cultural activities take place. Beyond that in the area there are other beaches like El Peñoncillo, Calaceite (homonymous to a town in Teruel), Viches or the Cenicero-Torcasol. Its small coves and beaches with crystalline waters stand out. Thus, it joins Estepona, Manilva, Marbella, Benalmádena or Torremolinos as a perfect place for sun and beach.

Other suggestions

In addition to all of the above, there are many other notable elements to be seen in Torrox. These range from temples and monasteries to watchtowers that protected the town from pirate attacks. Ruins from ancient Rome and the sugar industry also survive..

Convent and Hermitage of Nuestra Señora de las Nieves

Founded by the Minim Friars of St. Francis in the 16th century. With a Latin cross plan, it consists of a cloister, an interior patio and stables. The chapel is still used for worship today, but the rest is for cultural purposes.

The watchtowers of Torrox

These are towers that are characteristic of this area of the Mediterranean and which watch and warn of possible pirate incursions. The watchtower of Calaceite and the beacon of Güi/Huit are worth mentioning. The mission was to prevent the Berbers from destroying the area and kidnapping the settlers. Part of a plan of Philip II, they extended from Alicante and Murcia to the whole Andalusian coast. In Cádiz for example there are the watchtowers of Conil, Barbate or Chiclana.

Roman Site and Visitors' Centre of El Faro

Right at the mouth of the River Torrox are the remains of a Roman city that had its great heyday in the first and fourth centuries. As in other places, such as Rincón de la Victoria, it is a villa and salting factory. Other elements can be seen such as an oven, a necropolis and some thermal baths. It was the enclave known as Caviclum, the first settlement of the future Torrox. Among the ruins stands the lighthouse of Torrox from 1864 where the Interpretation Centre of the Roman complex is located.

Sugar factory, the sugar mills

The oldest of all was the Alto de Torrox, which was destroyed at the outbreak of the 1569 rebellion. Later the Melillas began to build the Ingenio Bajo which was called San Rafael and was finished by Pedro de la Barreda.

Useful information

PRACTICAL DATA

Coordinates

36° 45′ 39″ N, 3° 57′ 09″ W

Distances

Málaga 44,9 km and Madrid 521 km.

Elevation

149 metres.

Inhabitants

121,406 inhabitants (INE, 2024).

FESTIVITIES

The seven wonders of the city of Seville, ‘The Pearl of the Guadalquivir River’

Seville Cathedral, majestic elegance

Standing out above the city like a lighthouse, the Giralda bell tower symbolises the city of Seville better than any other monument. More than a mere bell tower, the Giralda encapsulates the city’s essence and entire history whilst forming part of the world’s largest Gothic cathedral.

Entering the Seville Cathedral is to journey through more than seven centuries of history infused with the aromas of venerated stone and incense from the daily liturgy. The cathedral and the Giralda, what was formerly the old mosque and the minaret respectively, bear witness to Seville’s vibrant past while simultaneously pointing toward the city’s future. From the bell tower’s heights, the city seems to be a living mosaic of terracotta rooftops and gently swaying palm trees.

The Royal Alcázar of Seville, a garden for the senses

Entering the Royal Alcázar of Seville is like stepping into a tale from A Thousand and One Nights. Aromas of sweet jasmine and orange blossom accompany the walk through these geometrically perfect gardens. The sound of spouting water from the fountains is the idyllic companion throughout this tour of Europe’s oldest royal palace still in use.

The colourful ceramic tiled walls and the Muqarnas and Arabesque-styled ceilings relate the succession of styles and periods, from the Islamic ruins of the citadel when it was a seat of power for the Umayyad Caliphate to the successive Mudéjar, Gothic and Renaissance styles. Despite the palace’s historically uninterrupted use by the Spanish Crown, the site can still be seen and appreciated firsthand. In fact, one can soak up the royal pomp by spending the night at the adjacent Hotel Alfonso XIII.

Pilate’s House, a civic architectural jewel

From the impressive gate of carved stone, everything about this palace speaks to the splendour of Seville’s past. Adelantados Mayores of Andalusia Palace (Palacio de los Adelantados Mayores de Andalucía), as it is otherwise known, took shape mostly in the 15th and 16th centuries, admirably fusing the Mudéjar-Gothic tradition with the new styles of the Italian Renaissance.

Pilate’s House is Seville’s most sumptuous residence by far, having once belonged to illustrious lineages and today, property of the Ducal House of Medinaceli. Beyond the spectacular mix of styles, the palace’s courtyard deserves special mention owing to the thinly carved marble columns surrounding it and the rousing elegance of its central fountain. Unsurprisingly, this palace has appeared in a good number of films.

María Luisa Park, an idyllic sanctuary

One of Seville’s most recognizable and beloved spots is María Luisa Park, the city’s true green space and haven from the hustle and bustle of the city. In addition to the greenery, history as well as art and culture are present throughout its nearly 100 acres. The park owes its existence to a generous act of devotion to Seville by Princess María Luisa of Bourbon who donated lands that had once been the private gardens of Saint Telmo Palace.

The park is full of winding paths, shady avenues and little tucked away gazebos that beckon a relaxing stroll of discovery. The continual sounds of fountains, streams, pools and the singsong of the birds make for a captivating symphony.

The monumental spirit of Plaza de España

The other side to the monumental and magnificent María Luisa Park is Plaza de España (Spain Square), designed by Aníbal González for the 1929 Ibero-American Exposition. The square is an imposing semicircular work that represents the union of Spain with its former colonies, and is adorned with colourful ceramic tiles representing all the Spanish provinces. The canal crossing the square reflects the majestic architecture while the bridges evoke a romantic and nostalgic aura.

From the square, one may enjoy views of both the Renaissance and Mudéjar-styled buildings standing out against the lush nature of the park. A leisurely stroll along the park’s avenues provides a quintessentially Sevillian scene of boats along the canal and horse-drawn carriages.

The Torre del Oro, between the sky and the Guadalquivir

The Muslim chronicles wrote of this tower proudly erected during the Almohad Caliphate and called the Bury-al-Dahab or the Tower of Gold. With the passing centuries, the Torre del Oro has transformed itself from a primitive defensive fortification into one of Seville’s indisputable wonders and an icon due to its graceful and appealing contours, a golden shimmery silhouette set against the sky.

The Guadalquivir River reflects the tower’s splendid image while boats continue to pass by as in times past. This peaceful, picturesque scene can easily obscure the original strategic purpose of the tower, which was to protect the city’s river entry. The Torre del Oro actually had a twin tower at one time, which was used to close the river passage in the event of an attack. Today, serenity reigns and the tower is now an inescapable visit while in Seville.

Church of Saint Louis of France, Baroque charm

Seville is a place to contemplate the best of Spanish Baroque and there are few better places than the Church of Saint Louis of France, undoubtedly one of Spain’s most beautiful churches. Completed in 1731, this building astounds for its magnificent altarpieces as well as its sublime twisting columns.

Founded by the Jesuit Order as a church and novitiate, the order aimed to display its power to pupils and visitors alike. Despite the Jesuits having been expelled some time ago, this church still manages to impress. It has since played many roles in Seville’s history, including the stage setting of theatrical performances such as Don Juan Tenorio.

You can also read this article in Spanish here.

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If one has ever wondered what to see when visiting Málaga, the following is a quick tour of the places that truly capture the essence of this dazzling city.

Timeless Málaga: treasures every traveller must see

The Alcazaba, a journey to the Arab past

Imagine walking along the walls of a centuries-old fortification dominating the city, feeling the breeze much like the governors of Al-Andalus once did. The impressive bearing of the Alcazaba (Citadel) bids the visitor to explore the gardens, fountains and courtyards, all of which evoke the legends of its past.

From the citadel’s highest point with the Mediterranean Sea stretching into the distance, the panorama transports one to a time when the lines of history and imagination become blurred. Constructed in the 11th century on Mount Gibralfaro, the same name given to the castle located within the citadel, the Alcazaba’s seamless assimilation into the landscape continues to cast a spell upon visitors.

La Manquita, Málaga’s extraordinary cathedral

The Cathedral of Málaga, located in the Plaza del Obispo, is one of the greatest treasures of the Andalusian Renaissance. After conquering the city, the Catholic Monarchs ordered a Christian temple built at this site and the result is extraordinary.

The Gothic demeanour of the cathedral’s origins in the 16th century soon gave rise to an exceptional Renaissance style, making it Andalusia’s second tallest structure after the Giralda Tower in Seville. Despite its prolonged construction, the cathedral remains unfinished and the absence of its planned second tower spawned the endearing sobriquet La Manquita (The One-Handed).

The Picasso Museum, a temple of art

Walking through the Picasso Museum is akin to entering the personal universe of one of the 20th century’s most influential artists and Málaga’s renowned native son. Not only can one observe the works of Pablo Picasso, but also catch a glimpse into his creative process. Every brushstroke, colour and shape speak to the painter’s passion and genius.

The building that houses the museum, the Condes de Buenavista Palace, is notable in itself for being an outstanding example of 16th-century civic architecture. The palace integrates a subtle Renaissance plateresque façade together with Mudéjar embellishments. The palace’s harmonious contours are the perfect counterpoint to the collection of vibrant artistic works found inside the museum.

The Roman theatre, an imperial legacy

Standing in the tiers with eyes closed in Málaga’s nearly 200-year-old Roman theatre, one can almost hear the echoes of ancient performances. The timeworn stones remind one of the comedies and tragedies that once took place on its stage. Although currently surrounded by the hustle and bustle of the modern city, the theatre continues to instill a deep connection with the past.

Sitting on the same hill as the citadel, the ancient theatre takes advantage of the natural slope much like Greek theatres did. Large marble slab ruins reveal an elaborate ornamentation. Buried for centuries, the chance discovery of the theatre in 1951 sparked debates that subsequently brought about the theatre’s restoration and a revival for the city.

The spiritual comfort of the Victoria Sanctuary

The Santa María de la Victoria Basilica is another treasure of Málaga’s religious architecture and its shrine to the city’s patron saint, María de la Victoria is truly exceptional. The chapel where the saint’s image is located presents a Baroque style at its finest. Equally impressive is the crypt of the Counts of Buenavista. Indeed, this was the very place where Fernando the Catholic Monarch established his military camp during the siege of the city in 1487.

Inside the sanctuary, spirituality and brilliant Baroque style fuse together and the silence itself becomes a sacred language. Discreet exteriors give way to an interior of explosive frescoes, gilded altarpieces and the grandeur of the aforementioned niche dedicated to the Virgin. Sitting in its pews, one cannot help but feel a heightened aura of devotion and mystery.

The lavish elegance of the Miramar Palace

Monumental and palatial, the Miramar Palace is the epitome of elegance and is considered to be a masterpiece by the architect and one-time mayor of Málaga, Fernando Guerrero Strachan. Facing the bay in the Caleta neighbourhood, this dazzling Modernist palace was inaugurated in 1926.

Originally intended to serve as a hotel, the palace has performed a variety of functions throughout its history before ultimately returning to its status of luxurious accommodation. Its interiors beckon an era of splendour and sophistication, while its terraces afford magnificent views of the sea. Here, one can easily imagine illustrious historical figures of Málaga’s high society once strolling through the palace’s gardens and salons.

The church of Santiago the Apostle, Mudéjar roots

If any one place embodies the spirit of Málaga, it is the church of Santiago the Apostle. Founded in the 15th century, this temple unites Christian traditions with Arabic heritage, beautifully expressed in the form of the Mudéjar-styled bell tower. It also happens to be the church where Pablo Picasso was baptised.

The church’s historic significance is tied to the city’s Christian roots inside the walls of the old Islamic city and was the first of four parishes to be commissioned by the Catholic Monarchs. In fact, it was even declared a cathedral before the Cathedral of Málaga had been completed. The unique Baroque interior of plaster mouldings and its cupola are truly breathtaking.

You can also read this article in Spanish here.

The Plaza de Toros (Real Maestranza de Caballería de Ronda) is another stop on this free tour of Ronda. This is one of the oldest bullrings in Spain and it is considered the birthplace of traditional bullfighting.

Actually, saying Granada should be taken as a warning, a warning about the need to be prepared for this and much more, because attached to this word come mountains and sierras... Karstic places of lands eroded by time, gardens, rivers, waterfalls, cliffs, beaches, lighthouses and coastal viewpoints to wait for the sunset. The word Granada has many meanings, visions and villages, in which each stop is an invitation to continue.

The most beautiful villages in Granada

Montefrío, the secret of Granada

White houses scattered throughout the mountains, viewpoints overlooking fields and an infinite horizon that invites you to fly. Montefrío greets the traveler from a castle on a rocky landscape, from a course of rocks and oak forests.

Declared one of the seven wonders of Granada, Montefrío appears as a postcard, but fascinating and real. With a gastronomy headed by its well-known cheese, Montefrío is a town that houses alternatives for all types of tourism. It is possible to know the history through its historical buildings, the churches of the Encarnación or San Antonio, or the Casa de los Oficios. But it also emerges as an alternative to practice active tourism, hiking or horse riding and breathe nature in its purest form.

Lanjarón

This gateway to the western part of the Alpujarra region evokes springs, fountains and streams, and gives its name to one of the best known and best rated spas in Spain. The narrow layout of the streets and the architecture, characteristic of the area, full of Moorish vestiges, adapts to the flow of the Lanjarón river and to a terrain sculpted in the mountain.

In its urban center stand out different archaeological remains, such as the castle ruins, from which the Muslim captain threw himself before surrendering during the conquest of the place by Fernando the Catholic. Lanjarón also worked as a strategic point in the defense against the French in the Independence War. Now it has changed those functions for those of a haven of peace, a gateway to rest and endless walks, a place to return to.

Guadix

Declared a historic-artistic site since 1976, Guadix is known for being one of the most beautiful villages in the province. Its proximity to Sierra Nevada allows visitors to hike. Guadix, full of places to visit, does not disappoint anyone. Starting with its famous cave houses or its beautiful cathedral. Its streets suggest a centuries-old history of churches and palaces, and even an Alcazaba of the 11th century.

The Palace of Villalegre or the Palace of Peñaflor, both from the 16th century, as well as the Town Hall, are a must-see. Then head towards the Convent of the Clarisas and Santiago, without forgetting the churches of Magdalena and Santa Ana or the facade of the old Lonja. The possibilities are endless in this millenary human settlement.

Salobreña

From a Moorish castle to beautiful beaches with all the flavor of the Mediterranean, there are thousands of corners to explore in Solobreña. One of the most beautiful spots of Granada. A walk through its streets means finding monuments at every step, from the top, in its 10th century Nasrid fortress, to the Mediterranean Sea.

The parish church of Nuestra Señora del Rosario, from the 16th century, is another of the most beautiful locations. And the Paseo de las Flores wraps the road with color. It is possible to say goodbye to Salobreña in the Bóveda Medieval, former entrance of goods, but not before taking a last look at the sunset.

Trevélez, the rooftop of Granada

Trevélez ham is well known, and the town has been recognized as a protected geographical indication. In the village there is a succession of white houses of mud and slate, that form a particular old town full of surprises. Also, the Trevélez River Valley gives this municipality a unique and striking natural environment.

Its location, almost 1500 meters above sea level, in the emblematic Mulhacén, makes it the roof of Spain, and a place to come face to face with the wildest nature. The Pico del Rey or Siete Lagunas are not only natural landscapes, but also unforgettable memories.

La Calahorra

Located on a high hill, between the two accesses to Sierra Nevada, La Calahorra is one of those villages presided by a castle. It is impossible to say no to a visit. From the high part you can go down, strolling between steep paths that offer priceless views.

It belongs to the region of Guadix, less than 20 km away from the capital of the region, and a strategic point between Granada and Almería. From there, Don Rodrigo de Mendoza governed the lordship of which La Calahorra was the capital, and now, centuries later, thousands of skiers access the Puerto de La Ragua. Heritage, nature and adventure, the perfect combo for this small spot in the sierra.

Castril

Castril is an Andalusian village, dressed in immaculate white, standing on a rocky landscape in the Sierra de Castril and bathed by a river. An ancient wall and a bridge testify, along with the name of the town, possibly derived from castrum, the Roman influence on the area.

In the heart of the region of Huéscar, Castril de La Peña is the birthplace of trails. The springs of the river Castril, the Magdalena or La Cerrada are essential, and windows to unforgettable views. It is a landscape itself, contemplated from the Natural Monument of La Peña, from which a panoramic view of the place can be appreciated. Indeed, it is one of the most beautiful enclaves of the province of Granada.

Alhama de Granada

The Arab thermal baths, seated on the ancient Roman baths, are one of the attractions of the region of Alhama. The same cultural overlap, Arab and Roman, can be seen in the Alhama Castle, located on top of a citadel. But this corner of Granada was inhabited long before the arrival of both peoples.

To find the first traces of civilization in this town in the Sierra de Tejeda, we must go back to the Neolithic, whose echo is found in the Cuevas de la Mujer, de los Molinos or del Agua. There are also different religious buildings, highlighting the Church of Santa María de la Encarnación, del Carmen or de las Angustias. A Roman bridge, an aqueduct or the old house of the Inquisition, are the icing on the cake.

Pampaneira, the most colorful gem of Granada

Pampaneira was a refuge for the Moors of Granada during the persecution of the Catholic Monarchs, and now is a refuge for lovers of history and nature. This enclave of the Alpujarra was declared a Historic-Artistic Site in 1982, due to its ability to remain unchanged over time. It has retained all its essence and charm. In its streets faith takes shape in the Parish Church of Santa Cruz, a mix of Mudejar and Renaissance of the sixteenth century.

The Plaza de la Libertad is the first step from which to walk to the Barrio Bajo, where the farmers' houses and the old tinaos await, before getting to La Calle Real. From there, it is only necessary to walk along the Paseo Federico García Lorca to glimpse a panoramic view, one of those that remain etched in the eyes forever.

Bubión

Finding a place from which to contemplate the Mediterranean Sea and Sierra Nevada is possible in the Alpujarra village of Bubión. There, on clear days, the view is lost over the roofless houses that populate white streets full of flowers. As in the nearby villages, the typical tinaos, over doorways or houses, are the protagonists of the landscape.

The Loom Workshop, the Museum of Agriculture or the Alpujarreña House will serve as a starting point to learn more about the traditions of the region. The Mudejar style also has a place in the tour of Bubión, in the Church of the Virgen del Rosario, from the 16th century. Centuries of history and nature come together in this town declared a Historic-Artistic Site in 1982.

Izbor

Strolling through this small town belonging to the municipality of El Pinar you might think that you are walking through a village of the Alpujarra of Granada. White streets, tubs and flowery courtyards await here. Almost entirely pedestrian, the town center is a perfect place for a quiet walk away from the hustle and bustle of the city. Inside, you can visit the Church of the Immaculate Conception, or its Tower, declared of Cultural Interest since 1985.

The Lecrín Valley is an irresistible location for hikers, even more so if they want to discover historical spots. Between mountains, like a scar crossed by bridges, the Old Bridge and the New Bridge, the village of Izbor emerges, another example of how history and nature complement each other.

This list of unforgettable villages shows that Granada also means leaving behind the capital to talk face to face with places that await the traveler as a gift of art, history, gastronomy and nature. The surprise is part of a route, where you only need to close your eyes and point to a place on the map, letting chance and the beauty of the landscape do the rest.

You can also read this article in Spanish here.

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The origin of a centenary war

When Spain sat down to sign the treaty with France by which it agreed to follow the same military policy with respect to Great Britain, it could not imagine what would come later. As at first everything went according to plan, Spain sent a contingent of 13,000 soldiers to the Jutland peninsula in Denmark. Its objective was to prevent the English from being tempted to invade that territory.

Afterwards, the well-known events took place: France invaded Spain, the Mutiny of Aranjuez, the May 2nd Uprising and the Spanish War of Independence. This last one motivated the history told here. When Spain rose up against the French, the troops that remained in Denmark became enemy troops of Napoleon's army. So they were held and isolated to avoid mutinies.

The Supreme Council of Spain was aware of this situation already in 1809 and its position was clear: it immediately cut off all relations with Denmark. This news reached the town council of Huéscar, which, without hesitation, decided to declare war on the whole country. There were no major consequences, but the declaration remained there.

By the time the Spanish and English defeated Napoleon and his men, in Huéscar they had already forgotten that this document existed. In Denmark, of course, they were not even aware of it. So the years went through and the declared war, so to speak, continued. It would last 172 years.

The longest war in the history of Spain

The conflict between Huéscar and Denmark is, in fact, the longest war in the history of the country. It is probably also the most curious, because during those almost two centuries that it was active, at least bureaucratically speaking, none of the contenders was aware of it. It was not until the early eighties of the last century when the cake was discovered.

It was the historian Vicente González Barberán who, immersed in the municipal archives of the town, found the original document of the declaration of war. He was kind enough to publish it in a local newspaper, because of the curiosity of the matter, and little by little it became bigger. It made it to the Danish news. One can imagine the amusement with which this news was received not only in Huéscar, but also among the Danes.

It did not take long for a plenary session to be held in the town council of the Granaíno town by which it was unanimously decided to sign the peace with Denmark. This peace was ratified in November 1981, with the Danish ambassador in Spain. The end of hostilities.

The Festival of Friendship

That day is still remembered, after which a party was held, which took the name of Friendship Festival. This festival took place in Huéscar and was attended by more than 10,000 people, including the entire Danish delegation in Spain and many others who had come from Denmark for the celebration. They carried shields, as remembered, on which could be read Dans Spansk Samvirke. Spanish-Danish friendship. The Spaniards, for their part, received them with a joke: with banners on their balconies, in Danish, reading 'Attention, Danes, you are entering enemy territory. If you go ahead, beware of the consequences'. In this 172-year war there was not a single coincidence. So it was not all that bad.

You can also read this article in Spanish and French.

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The city of Córdoba

Mosque-Cathedral of Córdoba, the best of both worlds

The Mosque-Cathedral of Córdoba is a storyteller like no other building in the world. According to tradition, it was built on the ruins of a Roman Spanish basilica in 784 and merges the grandeur of Arabic architecture with Christian opulence. This mosque became the second largest of that time. It was transformed into a cathedral after the Christian conquest in the 13th century. The Plateresque chapel was added later. The style combination of this grandiose building tells Córdoba’s history perfectly, which earned it its declaration as a World Heritage Site. For this reason, it became the most recognisable symbol of the city and Andalusi culture.

Its patios, a true explosion of colour

The inner courtyards or patios of Córdoba’s traditional houses are the soul of the city. They constitute one of the most gorgeous legacies of the Arabic civilisation. Now they picture beauty, sometimes with a hint of rivalry. The vibrant, colourful flower pots are the heart of the city and such an important part of Córdoba’s history that they prompted the popular Patios Festival. In this celebration, it is customary for locals to open their doors so visitors can enjoy this lovely wonder, and a contest for the most beautiful patio is held.

Medina Azahara, the essence of orange blossom water

The palace complex of Madinat al-Zahra, commonly known as Medina Azahara, is Córdoba’s third element to be declared a World Heritage Site. This walled fortress was built near the Andalusi capital by order of Abd al-Rahman III with the intention of keeping the royal and administrative units among gardens and marvellous columns. Built in the 10th century, the city, which was the centre of the Caliphate, is also the greatest sample of Andalusí sophistication, perceived in the rich decoration and the delicacy of its elements. Although this place has remained in the dark for quite some time, it is the best getaway to the fascinating times when Córdoba ruled over Western Europe.

The Alcázar de los Reyes Cristianos, to live history in your own skin

The Alcázar de los Reyes Cristianos sits on the shore of the Guadalquivir River. It replaced the Umayyad Alcázar during the reign of Alfonso X. Many Catholic monarchs lived here for a very long time. The Catholic Monarchs were the last to stay here, so they could be near Granada. Later, this sober fortress was one of the main tribunals of the Spanish Inquisition. This is one of the most popular elements of Córdoba’s historical city centre due to its rooms of great elegance and opulence. Every history and beauty lover should visit this palace complex, which has witnessed decisive historical events such as emir Boabdil's capture or the beginnings of Columbus’ adventure.

Córdoba’s untamed nature

Sierra de Hornachuelos, a wide treasure

These Mediterranean forests and riverside woodlands are some of the best preserved in Sierra Morena. In total, they cover more than 60,000 protected hectares, making it the largest protected area in the province. Besides, Sierra de Hornachuelos Natural Park is part of the Dehesas de Sierra Morena Biosphere Reserve thanks to its wide biodiversity. Holm and cork oaks are the most common tree species, but there are many others here, even European fan palms. Regarding its fauna, we should mention birds such as the cinereous vulture, the golden eagle, and the black stork, as well as mammals such as otters, deers, Iberian lynxes, and the particular Egyptian mongoose.

Lagunas del Sur, home of birds

A large number of lagoons are scattered throughout the south of the province. They are the Lagunas or Zonas Húmedas del Sur de Córdoba and are protected due to their great biological value. The area sits under a crowded bird migration route. Many bird species live here: mallards, vanellus, Eurasian teals, and flamingoes, just to name a few. Zóñar Lagoon, near Aguilar de la Frontera, holds the largest extension. Other areas, such as the Amarga and Tíscar Lagoons, are flamingoes' favourite places. These birds usually feed on their shallow waters.

Villages that hold Córdoba’s soul

Zuheros

The lovely village of Zuheros sits in the heart of the Sierras Subbéticas and is a declared Bien de Interés Cultural thanks to its exceptionally well preserved state. Its castle-palace, sitting on top of a giant rock, will surely catch your eye. But this unique spot hides more charm besides its picturesque streets and white houses. Cueva de los Murciélagos (‘The Bats Cave’) is one of them, an exciting route through the geopark. And it is also the perfect destination for hiking, climbing, and nature lovers.

Iznájar

The name Iznájar comes from the Arabic Hisn al-Ashar, whose mere sound takes us back to the Andalusí past of this land. The impressive castle that watches over the village was built by the Arabs, while other beautiful buildings were added in the later Christian era, such as the Renaissance church, the hermitage of Iznájar’s patron saint, and the Magán sanctuary. Its patios filled with flowers and its Belda Cave are worth a mention, but so is the reservoir that paints the landscape a dreamy blue shade and leads to nearby beaches, such as the one in Valdearenas.

Almodóvar del Río

Almodóvar del Río has an impressive castle too. It sits in the Valle Medio of the Guadalquivir River. It dates back to the Arabic period, but remains of previous eras can be found in the municipality. The presumably Roman dock by the river is a great example of this. Besides the town’s diverse cultural heritage, it has breathtaking spots, such as the Sierra de Hornachuelos Natural Park and the river beach at Breña II Reservoir.

You can also read this article in Spanish here.

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The best places to visit in Costa del Sol, Andalusia

Marbella, leisure and luxury

Marbella is renowned for its stunning beaches, luxurious lifestyle, and vibrant culture. With a rich history and cultural heritage, Marbella is a perfect destination for those seeking a blend of sophistication and relaxation. The city offers a wide range of activities, from sunbathing on the golden sands to exploring the historic old town, with its narrow, cobbled streets and charming squares.

For those seeking luxury, Marbella has plenty to offer, from select beach clubs to world-class shopping and dining experiences. Such is the exclusiveness of this area that it is just a stone’s throw from the most expensive street in Spain. You might even run into a celebrity taking a stroll through the famous Puerto Banus!

The city is also home to some of the finest golf courses in Europe, making it a popular destination for golf enthusiasts. And for those who love to party, Marbella is famous for its vibrant nightlife, with a range of bars, clubs, and restaurants to choose from.

Estepona, an inspiring getaway

If you're looking to escape the crowds and experience authentic Spanish culture, Estepona is the place to be. From unspoiled beaches to quaint cobblestone streets, Estepona offers visitors a tranquil escape. Known as the Garden of Costa del Sol, it is the perfect destination to forget about the hustle and bustle of city life.

Take a walk through the old town and discover its historic charm, full of narrow streets and traditional whitewashed buildings. You can also visit the town's beautiful harbour, where you can watch the boats come and go while enjoying a meal in one of its authentic restaurants. Estepona also boasts a lively promenade that's perfect for an evening stroll.

Estepona's leisure offering is undoubtedly captivating. From flamenco shows to concerts and golf courses, there is something to suit every taste.

Fuengirola, for the whole family

One of the largest cities on the Costa del Sol, Fuengirola is a popular tourist destination for both Spanish and international visitors. With miles of sandy beaches, water parks, and plenty of activities for children, Fuengirola is the perfect destination if you are looking for a family-friendly escape.

Fuengirola’s beautiful beaches are backed by a promenade that is ideal for strolling, cycling, or simply soaking up the sun. In addition to its beaches, Fuengirola is also known for its marina, which is a hub of activity and home to a number of bars, restaurants, and shops. Step into the local history in the town’s castle and ancient Roman baths or visit animals from tropical jungles in the famous Bioparc.

Manilva, a hidden gem

Located on the west end of Costa del Sol, Manilva is a fishing municipality waiting to be discovered. If you want to enjoy the charm of the Andalusian culture off the beaten path, Manilva is a true hidden gem.

From the wide sandy beaches of Sabinillas to the secluded coves of Casares, there is a perfect stretch of sand for every kind of beach-goer. But Manilva is more than just a beach and fishing town —it's a place steeped in history. The castle of Casares, built in the 8th century, is a must-visit for history buffs. It also offers panoramic views of the town and the Mediterranean Sea. And for wine lovers, a visit to one of Manilva's many vineyards is a must.

Benalmadena, fun-filled paradise

Surrounded by the mountains of the Sierra de Mijas, Benalmadena will not disappoint those visitors looking for a thrill while enjoying the best beaches of Costa del Sol.

Aside from its 17 stunning beaches, Benalmadena offers an array of activities for adventure seekers. Get on the iconic rides at Tivoli World amusement park, meet dolphins at Selwo Marina Dolphinarium, or even sharks at the Sea Life Aquarium. There is always a fun thing to do in Benalmádena.

If you're looking for a more relaxed experience, take a stroll through the town's lovely gardens, such as the beautifully landscaped Paloma Park, or visit the charming fishing village of Puerto Marina. Pro tip: Finish the evening enjoying  breathtaking views from the Benalmadena cable car, before enjoying the local cuisine in one of the city’s restaurants.

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Could a tsunami happen in Spain?

It is to be expected that tsunamis are associated with Japan, as the word itself is a Japanese one meaning ‘wave in the harbour’. Logically, it is well-known that tsunamis are more than just a wave in the harbour or on the beach. So, what exactly is a tsunami? The key lies in tectonic plates. When an earthquake or a volcanic eruption occurs under the ocean water, the water around it will be displaced.

The magnitude of this displacement and its ultimate destructive outcome will depend on the tectonic plates. In any case, it is best to be prepared. The big question is if a tsunami could happen in the Mediterranean, and the answer is clearly yes. While this natural phenomenon is unusual in Mediterranean waters, UNESCO warns that the danger is increasing more and more as time passes.

‘Tsunami Ready’, a European  program created after this warning was issued, aims to raise awareness among coastal towns throughout Europe of the importance of taking precautionary measures in order to mitigate the disastrous effects these gigantic waves may cause. Currently, Spain continues to be largely unaware of this fact and the list of ‘Tsunami Ready’ places is short. The list includes towns in France, Italy, Greece, and, of course, Chipiona, the only municipality in Spain to have heeded the warning.

Spain’s tsunami ‘shelter’

So, we travel to Chipiona, in the province of Cádiz, to enjoy a safe travel getaway. Safe not only due to the protective measures against tidal waves and tsunamis, but also because we are guaranteed to enjoy this Andalusian coastal town. Beginning with our own physical safety, we can list some of the measures taken by local authorities to deal with a potential tsunami.

Among such precautionary measures are informative campaigns for residents, the carrying out of simulacra, the mapping of the most dangerous areas in the event of a tsunami, the installation of evacuation sirens, safe routes and shelters. Naturally, the security forces, firefighters and civil protection teams have coordinated protocols of action.

With these safety measures for such an unlikely emergency now in mind, we can now fully focus on Chipiona’s best beaches, its fascinating lighthouse, the Nuestra Señora de Regla Sanctuary, and the Cruz del Mar monument. Nor should one miss the legendary fishing harbour and its delicious local cuisine while nostalgically remembering Chipiona’s most famous native: Rocío Jurado.

You can also read this article in Spanish here.

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